The Element Scandium


Scandium is a metallic element which is rare, hard, silvery and rough. Its special feature is that it puts out a slightly yellowish or pinkish cast when exposed to air. Scandium is known to be sparsely distributed on earth where it occurs in rare minerals from Scandinavia and Madagascar. It is also known to be contained in residues in the process of removing tungsten from wolframite.

Due to its rarity it scandium does not have many industrial applications because it would be an expensive process otherwise. Scientists state that if it was freely available to us, we could have considered making aircrafts and spacecraft structures, alloyed with other metals.

Atomic Number & Chemical Properties


Element Basics:

Chemical Symbol: Sc
Atomic Number: 21
Atomic Weight: 44.95591
Element Classification: Transition Metal
Discovered By: Lars Nilson
Date of Discovery: 1879 (Sweden)
Origin of Name: Latin: Scandia, Scandinavia.

How to Recognize it at a Party:

Fairly soft, silvery-white metal

Seriously Atomic Information:

Density (g/cc): 2.99
Melting Point (°K): 1814
Boiling Point (°K): 3104
Atomic Radius (pm): 162
Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 15.0
Covalent Radius (pm): 144
Ionic Radius: 72.3 (+3e)
Pauling Negativity Number: 1.36
First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 630.8
Oxidation States: 3
Electronic Configuration: [Ar] 3d1 4s2

Getting Intimate with Scandium:

Lattice Structure: Hexagonal (HEX)
Lattice Constant (Å): 3.310
Lattice C/A Ratio: 1.594
Specific Heat (@20°C J/g mol): 0.556
Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): 15.8
Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): 332.7
Thermal Conductivity (@25°C W/m K):
Debye Temperature (°K): n/a


Society's Questions About Scandium:

Have you ever wondered what everyone else in the world thinks about Scandium? Is anyone else looking for it too? If so, why? What do they want?

The following list shows the most common online questions about the element Scandium. Are your questions the same or different from everyone else's?

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