The Element Gallium


Gallium is known as a poor metal which is soft silvery on the outlook. It is a brittle solid at room temperature which liquefies slightly above room temperature that will melt in hand. Elemental gallium is not found in nature however, it can be obtained by smelting. Most commonly extracted gallium is obtained from crude aluminium hydroxide solutions of the Bayer process.

Applications of gallium include usage as dopant to dope semiconductors and to produce solid devices like transistors; as a wetting and alloy improvement agent; as parts of energy storage mechanisms and as liquid alloys. However, the most widely used application of gallium is in analog integrated circuits.

Atomic Number & Chemical Properties


Element Basics:

Chemical Symbol: Ga
Atomic Number: 31
Atomic Weight: 69.723
Element Classification: Other Metal
Discovered By: Paul-Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran
Date of Discovery: 1875 (France)
Origin of Name: Latin: Gallia (France).

How to Recognize it at a Party:

Soft, blue-white metal

Seriously Atomic Information:

Density (g/cc): 5.91
Melting Point (°K): 302.93
Boiling Point (°K): 2676
Atomic Radius (pm): 141
Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 11.8
Covalent Radius (pm): 126
Ionic Radius: 62 (+3e) 81 (+1e)
Pauling Negativity Number: 1.81
First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 578.7
Oxidation States: 3
Electronic Configuration: [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1

Getting Intimate with Gallium:

Lattice Structure: Orthorhombic (ORC)
Lattice Constant (Å): 4.510
Lattice C/A Ratio: n/a
Specific Heat (@20°C J/g mol): 0.372
Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): 5.59
Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): 270.3
Thermal Conductivity (@25°C W/m K):
Debye Temperature (°K): 240.00


Society's Questions About Gallium:

Have you ever wondered what everyone else in the world thinks about Gallium? Is anyone else looking for it too? If so, why? What do they want?

The following list shows the most common online questions about the element Gallium. Are your questions the same or different from everyone else's?

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