The Element Gold


We all know that gold is a highly sought after treasure of our times. When gold is used in jewellery it is usually alloyed with other metals to provide extra strength. In its pure form gold is a malleable and ductile metal which is dense and soft where a single gram can be beaten into a sheet of one square meter, or an ounce into 300 square feet. Usually gold occur as nuggets or grains in rocks, underground "veins" and in alluvial deposits.

Needless to say industrially gold has been used as a precious metal with a high economical value for centuries. Additionally it is also used in jewels, certain types of dietary components such as ‘Goldwasser’ which is a traditional German herbal liqueur, in photography and in cranberry glass.

Atomic Number & Chemical Properties


Element Basics:

Chemical Symbol: Au
Atomic Number: 79
Atomic Weight: 196.96654
Element Classification: Transition Metal
Discovered By: Known to the ancients.
Date of Discovery: n/a (Unknown)
Origin of Name: Anglo-Saxon: geolo (yellow); symbol from Latin: aurum (shining dawn).

How to Recognize it at a Party:

Soft, malleable, yellow metal

Seriously Atomic Information:

Density (g/cc): 19.3
Melting Point (°K): 1337.58
Boiling Point (°K): 3080
Atomic Radius (pm): 146
Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 10.2
Covalent Radius (pm): 134
Ionic Radius: 85 (+3e) 137 (+1e)
Pauling Negativity Number: 2.54
First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 889.3
Oxidation States: 3, 1
Electronic Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1

Getting Intimate with Gold:

Lattice Structure: Face-Centered Cubic (FCC)
Lattice Constant (Å): 4.080
Lattice C/A Ratio: n/a
Specific Heat (@20°C J/g mol): 0.129
Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): 12.68
Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): ~340
Thermal Conductivity (@25°C W/m K):
Debye Temperature (°K): 170.00


Society's Questions About Gold:

Have you ever wondered what everyone else in the world thinks about Gold? Is anyone else looking for it too? If so, why? What do they want?

The following list shows the most common online questions about the element Gold. Are your questions the same or different from everyone else's?

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