The Element Thallium


Thallium is known to exhibit a metallic luster in its pure form which soon develops in to a bluish grey upon exposure to air, resembling lead in appearance. Thallium occurs naturally in the minerals crookesite, lorandite, hutchinsonite, and pyrite while it is being obtained as a by-product in the production of sulfuric acid by roasting of pyrite.

Industrial uses of thallium are a many among which its usage in the electronics industry, pharmaceutical industry and glass manufacturing industry is prominent. It should also be noted that thallium is highly poisonous and thus is often used as rat poisons and insecticides.     

Atomic Number & Chemical Properties


Element Basics:

Chemical Symbol: Tl
Atomic Number: 81
Atomic Weight: 204.3833
Element Classification: Other Metal
Discovered By: Sir William Crookes
Date of Discovery: 1861 (England)
Origin of Name: Greek: thallos (green twig), for a bright green line in its spectrum.

How to Recognize it at a Party:

Soft, gray metal

Seriously Atomic Information:

Density (g/cc): 11.85
Melting Point (°K): 576.6
Boiling Point (°K): 1730
Atomic Radius (pm): 171
Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 17.2
Covalent Radius (pm): 148
Ionic Radius: 95 (+3e) 147 (+1e)
Pauling Negativity Number: 1.62
First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 588.9
Oxidation States: 3, 1
Electronic Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1

Getting Intimate with Thallium:

Lattice Structure: Hexagonal (HEX)
Lattice Constant (Å): 3.460
Lattice C/A Ratio: 1.599
Specific Heat (@20°C J/g mol): 0.128
Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): 4.31
Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): 162.4
Thermal Conductivity (@25°C W/m K):
Debye Temperature (°K): 96.00


Society's Questions About Thallium:

Have you ever wondered what everyone else in the world thinks about Thallium? Is anyone else looking for it too? If so, why? What do they want?

The following list shows the most common online questions about the element Thallium. Are your questions the same or different from everyone else's?

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