The Element Bismuth


Bismuth is chemically characterizes arsenic and antimony however in appearance it is a heavy, brittle, white crystalline poor metal that has a pink tinge. Considered as the last naturally occurring non-radioactive element, it is also renowned as the most naturally occurring diamagnetic. Bismuth has a thermal conductivity level that is lower than any other element other than mercury however it has a high electrical resistance.

Industrially bismuth is mostly used in alloys to form malleable iron, as a component of glazes, as a replacement propellant for xenon in Hall Effect thrusters and as a pigment in artists' oil paint.

Atomic Number & Chemical Properties


Element Basics:

Chemical Symbol: Bi
Atomic Number: 83
Atomic Weight: 208.98037
Element Classification: Other Metal
Discovered By: Known to the ancients.
Date of Discovery: n/a (Unknown)
Origin of Name: German: bisemutum, (white mass), Now spelled wismut.

How to Recognize it at a Party:

Hard, brittle, steel-gray metal with a pinkish tinge

Seriously Atomic Information:

Density (g/cc): 9.747
Melting Point (°K): 544.5
Boiling Point (°K): 1883
Atomic Radius (pm): 170
Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 21.3
Covalent Radius (pm): 146
Ionic Radius: 74 (+5e) 96 (+3e)
Pauling Negativity Number: 2.02
First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 702.9
Oxidation States: 5, 3
Electronic Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3

Getting Intimate with Bismuth:

Lattice Structure: Rhombohedral (RHL)
Lattice Constant (Å): 4.750
Lattice C/A Ratio: n/a
Specific Heat (@20°C J/g mol): 0.124
Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): 11.00
Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): 172.0
Thermal Conductivity (@25°C W/m K):
Debye Temperature (°K): 120.00

Chemical Symbol: Bi
Atomic Number: 83
Atomic Weight: 208.98037
Element Classification: Other Metal
Discovered By: Known to the ancients.
Date of Discovery: n/a (Unknown)
Origin of Name: German: bisemutum, (white mass), Now spelled wismut.

How to Recognize it at a Party:

Hard, brittle, steel-gray metal with a pinkish tinge

Seriously Atomic Information:

Density (g/cc): 9.747
Melting Point (°K): 544.5
Boiling Point (°K): 1883
Atomic Radius (pm): 170
Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 21.3
Covalent Radius (pm): 146
Ionic Radius: 74 (+5e) 96 (+3e)
Pauling Negativity Number: 2.02
First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 702.9
Oxidation States: 5, 3
Electronic Configuration: [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3

Getting Intimate with Bismuth:

Lattice Structure: Rhombohedral (RHL)
Lattice Constant (Å): 4.750
Lattice C/A Ratio: n/a
Specific Heat (@20°C J/g mol): 0.124
Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): 11.00
Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): 172.0
Thermal Conductivity (@25°C W/m K):
Debye Temperature (°K): 120.00


Society's Questions About Bismuth:

Have you ever wondered what everyone else in the world thinks about Bismuth? Is anyone else looking for it too? If so, why? What do they want?

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